Nepal has seasonal mosquito activity concentrated in the lowland Terai region during the monsoon from June through September. The Terai plains along the Indian border carry the highest risk, while areas above 2,000 meters elevation have minimal mosquito activity. Kathmandu Valley has seen increasing dengue in recent years.
Dengue fever is the primary emerging concern, with cases rising in recent years and spreading to previously unaffected areas. Malaria (P. vivax) persists in the Terai districts. Chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, and lymphatic filariasis are also present.
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus transmit dengue in lowland and urban areas. Anopheles species carry malaria in the Terai. Culex tritaeniorhynchus is associated with Japanese encephalitis near rice-growing areas.
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Disease presence data is sourced from WHO, CDC, ECDC, and OpenDengue. This is not medical advice — consult a travel health professional before your trip.