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Dengue Fever
Severity: High

Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne viral disease worldwide, with an estimated 100-400 million infections per year. It is transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, both aggressive day-biters most active in early morning and late afternoon.

Risk is highest during and just after rainy seasons when mosquito populations surge. Urban and peri-urban areas carry the most risk — unlike malaria, dengue thrives in cities. Southeast Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean, and Sub-Saharan Africa see the highest transmission.

A second dengue infection with a different serotype is significantly more dangerous than the first, potentially causing dengue hemorrhagic fever. There is no widely available vaccine for travelers — personal bite precautions remain the primary defense.

Pathogen
Virus

Aedes aegypti (primary) and Aedes albopictus — both day-biting species active in urban environments.

Risk Groups
Who is at risk
High

Travelers to endemic areas, young children, pregnant women, and people with prior dengue infection. A second infection with a different serotype carries a significantly higher risk of severe disease.

Symptoms
Sudden high fever (40°C/104°F)Severe headache behind the eyesIntense joint and muscle painNausea and vomitingSkin rash appearing 2-5 days after feverMild bleeding (nose, gums)
Precautions
Use DEET (20%+) or Picaridin repellent during daytime
Wear light-colored, long-sleeve clothing
Eliminate standing water near accommodation
Stay in screened or air-conditioned rooms
Be especially vigilant at dawn and dusk
Seek medical attention immediately if high fever develops
Recommended Protection

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WHO Dengue Fact SheetCDC Dengue Information

Countries with Dengue Fever

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Disease information is sourced from WHO, CDC, ECDC, and OpenDengue. This is not medical advice — consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.

Dengue Fever — Mosquito-Borne Disease | Mozzwise