Mozzwise Briefing

Madagascar has year-round mosquito activity on the humid east coast and seasonal activity elsewhere, with peak risk during the hot, wet season from November through April. The east coast and northern regions carry the highest malaria burden. The central highlands including Antananarivo have lower risk but are not malaria-free. The semi-arid south has the least exposure.

Malaria (P. falciparum and P. vivax) is the primary concern across most of the island. Chikungunya has caused significant outbreaks. West Nile virus and lymphatic filariasis are also present. The islands isolation has created a somewhat distinct disease profile from mainland Africa.

Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus are the dominant malaria vectors. Aedes albopictus (rather than Ae. aegypti) is the primary arbovirus vector on the island, an unusual pattern for Africa.