Sudan has seasonal mosquito activity, with peak risk during and after the rainy season from June through October in the central and southern regions. The Nile River valley, Gezira irrigated areas, Darfur, and Kordofan carry the highest malaria burden. The Saharan north has minimal mosquito activity. Khartoum has significant urban transmission.
Malaria (P. falciparum and P. vivax) is the primary concern. Dengue fever has caused outbreaks in urban areas at moderate levels. Yellow fever, chikungunya, and West Nile virus are also present. The ongoing conflict has disrupted health services and vector control.
Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis are the dominant malaria vectors. Aedes aegypti transmits dengue and yellow fever in urban areas. The irrigated Gezira scheme creates extensive mosquito breeding habitat in an otherwise semi-arid zone.
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Explore mosquito risk briefings for other destinations in East Africa.
Disease presence data is sourced from WHO, CDC, ECDC, and OpenDengue. This is not medical advice — consult a travel health professional before your trip.