Nigeria has year-round mosquito activity across most of the country, with peak risk during and after the rainy season from April through October in the south and June through September in the north. The entire country carries malaria risk, with the highest burden in southern and middle belt states. Urban areas including Lagos, Abuja, and Kano are not spared.
Malaria (P. falciparum) is the primary and most serious concern, accounting for a massive disease burden. Yellow fever is endemic, and outbreaks occur periodically. Dengue, chikungunya, Zika, West Nile virus, and lymphatic filariasis are also present.
Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus are the dominant malaria vectors, biting from dusk to dawn. Aedes aegypti transmits dengue, yellow fever, and Zika. Culex species are associated with West Nile virus and lymphatic filariasis. Antimalarial prophylaxis is essential for all travelers.
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Explore mosquito risk briefings for other destinations in West Africa.
Disease presence data is sourced from WHO, CDC, ECDC, and OpenDengue. This is not medical advice — consult a travel health professional before your trip.