Saudi Arabia has seasonal mosquito activity, with peak risk during the warmer months from March through November. The southwestern Asir and Jizan regions, the Red Sea coast, and oasis areas carry the highest risk. The central Najd desert and the Empty Quarter have minimal mosquito activity. Riyadh and Jeddah have localized urban breeding.
Dengue fever is a concern at moderate levels in the western and southwestern regions, particularly in Jeddah and Mecca. Malaria (P. falciparum and P. vivax) persists at low levels in the southwestern border area with Yemen. The arid climate limits mosquito breeding to areas with water.
Aedes aegypti transmits dengue in western urban areas. Anopheles species carry malaria in the southwest. The desert climate means risk is confined to populated areas with water infrastructure and the wetter southwestern highlands.
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Disease presence data is sourced from WHO, CDC, ECDC, and OpenDengue. This is not medical advice — consult a travel health professional before your trip.